Bohemian Clothing – Hottest Fashion Style

A combination of hippie, gypsy, and some sort of individual style is what bohemian fashion made of. It is simple yet unique style of clothing. Mostly bohemian clothes are mixed with a touch of rugged whimsy and a messy haircut with jewelry. Bohemian clothing is very popular nowadays; people want to show off the styles of the fashion craze they have. And they usually try to dance with the beat of the drum. We can see this commonly at the coffee shops, and festival.

The impression when people see you wearing this are that, it is a type of organic, very new and relaxed. Did you know that this type of clothing can be able to decipher from day to evening times? Now, are you ready to have this new way of wearing? Then fasten your seat-belt for we will give you guidelines on how you can be able to be “in” in this world.

The first thing that you should do is to shop in the stores who are offering traditional clothes. Try also to consider the accessories that will match and that will make you look sophisticated. Actually, there is no such rule with regards to this, but the most common one is that it can be jewelry that made up of fibers or stones. A chandelier type of earring could also make you look different everyday. Consider the bag that you should wear. It is good if it is a large, hobo handbag.

When you have purchased the best for you, your varied appearance will pair together naturally with the casuals or a cool vibe that really describes what the bohemian clothing is.

Top 5 Basic Things to Consider When Choosing a Travel Agent For Traveling to Antarctica

Travelers planning a trip must perform due diligence with the task of choosing a dependable travel agent. This becomes crucial when the planned trip is to Antarctica. The harsh and unpredictable weather as well as remote and inhospitable geographical conditions of the region demand that experienced and capable people handle the affairs of an expedition be it by air or sea.

Choosing a dependable travel agent is a tricky job as there are a dismayingly large number of travel agencies out there. Anyone with a little knowledge of Internet ticket booking and awareness of travel destinations can set up a travel agency. It is hard to expect quality and dependable service even from registered travel agencies as the registration process is simple and doesn’t require much more than filling out a simple form and paying some fees. Airliners and cruise liners affiliations are also meaningless. Let the lure of visiting the White Continent not make you overlook some basic factors in choosing a travel agent. If I were traveling to Antarctica these are the things I would be concentrating on for selecting a travel agent.

Reputation

This is the prime consideration while choosing a travel agent. Usually, the more reputable a travel agency the better is its service. Ascertain whether it’s lower cost or quality service that makes a particular travel agent special. Your target is clearly reputation based on the dependability of service. Cheap and best are not applicable always. You don’t drive the cheapest car, don’t wear the cheapest dress, and don’t eat out in the cheapest restaurant. So why choose a travel agent that specializes in providing cheap services. You are going to Antarctica, remember. Everything should be top notch. You should concentrate on getting that. Getting better rates becomes secondary to getting top equipment, facilities, and services.

People assume that the longer a travel agency is in business the better will be the quality of their service. This is purely a common assumption and there are no statistics to support this. Not how long has the travel agency been in service, but how well is it serving travelers now should be the question uppermost in your mind. The fact is that there are many old travel agencies on the verge of running out of business and there are many new travel agencies offering better services with newer and appropriate policies. Reputed, experienced, and efficient should be the preferred criteria of your choice. Equally important is to choose tour operators that specialize in expeditions to ice covered lands like the Arctic and Antarctica.

Check with Friends, Clients, and Suppliers

The best opinions that you can get are from trusted friends and associates that have traveled to Antarctica. If you can tolerate a little exaggeration or understatement you will get honest opinions from them. However, don’t take a single emphatic recommendation as final. Check and verify with others about any recommendation. Find from the recommended travel agent if they are giving any benefits to clients for bringing in referrals. Make sure that your friend has not referred you mainly to earn benefits for himself.

Get a list of existing clients and suppliers from the travel agent to verify its claims. Find out how the travel agency performs on a bad day. Be careful as it’s natural on the part of a supplier to say only positive things about a travel agent if the latter is the former’s client. You should contact a reliable and reputable supplier to establish the truth whether or not the travel agent does business with it. Clients can better testify about the veracity of the claims made by a tour operator. Get an exhaustive list of clients so that the travel agent will not know which ones you are going to contact. If you are taking the contact address of a few clients then contact them right away so that the travel agent gets no time to tutor clients and dress up testimonies.

Dependable Team

The competencies and expertise of the expedition team are crucial to an Antarctic expedition. In the unending stretch of ice and cold water you have only them to ensure your safety. A dependable team should comprise of at least one veteran captain having several expedition experiences, expert sailors, environmentalists, geologists familiar with the topography of the continent and specializing in glaciology, oceanographers, marine biologists, polar scientists, and polar educators. It’s essential for all the above people to have previous Antarctic expedition experience. Make sure that the team has all the qualification and experience to make your expedition a safe and enjoyable one.

Sturdy Ship

Special attention must be paid for the kind of ship the travel agent is going to put you on and the team that will lead the expedition. The ship must be in top condition. It must have all the latest communication tools as well as expedition equipment. Find out how well the ship can cope with disaster?

Ask the travel agent about which cruise liners are listed in their agency and how many voyages the cruise liners have made to Antarctica? The more successful voyages made by a cruise liner the better – the rule is simple. Is your travel agency offering good ice breaking ships or ice strengthening cruises? If you are more adventurous you should prefer the ice breaking cruises as they will take you to places that just ice strengthened ships cannot take. Ask the tour operator what kind of logistics the ships offer (zodiacs and helicopters). What kind of gear and equipment do they make available on the ship? Will the ship have qualified guides, naturalists, geologists, and sailors to make the expedition safe and successful?

Some More Questions to Ask the Tour Operators

There are expeditions led by people that have explored the entire Antarctic. Your expedition can benefit immensely from the knowledge of such people. Find out whether the tour operators are members of International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO). IAATO is a private body, which has laid down the rules to be followed by tour operators while going to Antarctica and about conduct on the continent.

Ask the travel agent this precious question, “what service they offer which any other agents do not or cannot offer”? Compare the results and answers of the travel agents and go for the most reliable one.

If you plan to fly over part of Antarctica then find out from the tour operator whether the pilot and crew members have previous flying experience to the continent. Some travel agencies make sure that the captain of the airplane has flown to Antarctica at least once before.

These are just five basic factors that you should consider when selecting a travel agent for an expedition to Antarctica. There are more things that you should take into account while doing the due diligence in this regard. Look up on the Internet and guidebooks to cover all the aspects to make sure that you have taken utmost care in selecting a travel agent. Do not always trust what is posted in forums without cross checking. For that matter trust advise or information only when they come from an authentic and reputed source. Cross check them to be absolutely sure. Have a safe and happy voyage.

Outsourcing Law Enforcement Transcription

As long as law enforcement agencies have been dealing with recorded audio and video, there’s been a need for law enforcement transcription. Despite advancements in technology, those pieces of audio and video that are entered into evidence or as part of an investigation still need to be transcribed for reasons of documentation and clarity.

The responsibility for transcription has commonly fallen on the shoulders of those professionals that require the work; law enforcement agencies, attorneys, public defenders, prosecutors, security companies, and others.

Unfortunately, over time the caseloads for law enforcement agencies have increased while there has been no increase (and sometimes a decrease) in personnel to manage the work and influx of forensic transcription.

Budget cuts have made it virtually impossible for many law enforcement agencies to bring on additional staff to assist with the translation and transcription, creating a nightmare of labor costs for many divisions.

Security Concerns

The possibility of outsourcing forensic transcription is one that is routinely discussed in many agencies, but many have reservations about utilizing outsourced services, particularly when delicate evidence in audio and video is concerned.

In the past many agencies were wary about sending out hardcopies of audio and video to be handled by a law enforcement transcription company when considering the potential of that content becoming “lost” or corrupted.

Likewise, the more hands an item passed through, the greater the chance of the material becoming damaged or leaked – especially to the media. These security concerns have encouraged a number of agencies to retain the transcription and translation work in house.

As technology has advanced however, new and far safer methods make it extremely simple to get the necessary content to a transcription service; Audio and video content can be uploaded to a secured server managed by the transcription service.

This secure upload makes it easy to monitor and maintain who has custody of the content because it passes easily from point A (the law enforcement agency that requires the transcription) to point B (the transcription service).

Reeling Budget Considerations

With the economical upset across the nation, many law enforcement agencies have suffered severe budget cuts that cost them both personnel and equipment. As such, it’s been extremely difficult for many of those agencies to justify paying an additional cost for outsourcing forensic transcription.

For many transcription services, it is common to charge by the line or by the page. Unfortunately it’s often very difficult to determine how many pages an interview will leave you with once it’s transcribed. There is another option that can make budgeting easier for law enforcement agencies, and that’s to opt for transcription services that charge by the minute.

That means if an agency needs transcription for a 46 minute interview – whether in audio or video format – then the agency is charged for 46 minutes.

The Real Benefit of Outsourcing Law Enforcement Transcription

The real problem facing law enforcement agencies, and any agency involved in the criminal justice system that is subject to strict budgets, is that in-house transcription takes up a tremendous amount of time and man power to complete.

Many agencies oppose outsourced transcription services because they fear the cost, as mentioned previously, but they don’t consider the actual cost of keeping that transcription in-house. Their intention is to save money by keeping transcription in-house but unfortunately that decision is costing some agencies a great deal of money.

*Salaries/Wages
Paid to those employees, secretaries, etc. who are required to transcribe the data – sometimes in the form of overtime depending on the case load.

*Management Expenses
Transcriptions typically need to be reviewed for accuracy and tracked to ensure that they are being completed in a timely manner. This can take time away from those in positions of authority within the department or agency.

*Cost of Information Technology
The cost of purchasing and maintaining software and hardware plus the training of employees and personnel to utilize the equipment for audio and video transcription

*Overflow and Delay Costs
There are inevitable times when delays occur which can pose significant problems to law enforcement cases where a deadline is concerned. Often the overflow and delayed material winds up in the hands of an outsourced company. Due to a looming deadline and thus a rapid turnaround requirement, the cost for such a service is often higher.

A Viable Alternative

Forensic and law enforcement transcription & translation outsourcing have become one of the primary ways that many agencies are finding budget relief. With skilled outsourcing to a service that employs trained forensic transcriptionists, law enforcement agencies gain a number of benefits:

*Reduced man hours of on-site personnel
*Elimination of the need to hire additional personnel to meet demands
*Improved quality of the transcribed content
*Reduced delays in transcription (rapid turnaround)

Outsourcing of forensic transcription means that far more agencies will be able to put their personnel where they belong – focusing on the agency’s primary responsibilities. With skilled outsourcing, law enforcement agencies, security companies, and so-on can trim costs because they are able to get transcripts completed on time, thus meeting the demand of an increased case load without the need to hire more staff or force current staff to burn the candle at both ends.

The new age of digital transcription via the web has given law enforcement agencies, public defenders offices, security companies, and others a means of maintaining the security of their data as it’s being passed off to trained forensic transcriptionists, and a rapid turnaround on those pressing cases that need to be handled quickly.

Benefits Of A School Bus Driver Endorsement

A position as a school bus driver is a perfect job for a CDL driver who wants to work regular work hours and enjoys working with children. Most school bus drivers transport public elementary school, middle school or high school students. These are stable jobs paid for by the various school districts of the counties the driver is employed by. These jobs usually offer good salaries and employee benefits which include health insurance, holiday pay and vacation pay. School bus drivers usually work a set schedule. A typical schedule involves picking children up early in the morning to take them to school and returning to schools in the afternoon to pick them up to return them to their neighborhoods. Drivers can also earn extra money by driving students to special events. Middle schools and high schools often have after school activities which include various sports events. Football games, basketball games and other sports events are often held at different locations through the city. Drivers can earn extra money by transporting the athletes, cheerleaders, dancers, etc. to these games.

Another benefit of a school bus drivers schedule is that a typical drivers work day starts early. Most children are picked up early in the morning and dropped off at their schools between 7:30a.m. and 8:00a.m. depending upon the schedule set by the school district. Drivers are then off duty until they return to schools in the afternoon to pick the children up and return them to their respective neighborhoods. This allows a sufficient amount of time for drivers to work a part time job or attend classes either during the day or after their work day ends. Some drivers like to use their off duty time to exercise, do chores, or take a morning nap. Whatever drivers like to do with that time, a school bus driver schedule allows them the flexibility to do so.

To be qualified to become a school bus driver you must receive a Commercial Driver License (CDL) with a school bus driver endorsement. To qualify for the school bus endorsement you must meet specific criteria. Applicants must take and pass a driving skills test in a vehicle of the same vehicle group that the applicant intends to drive. Applicants must also pass the knowledge test for obtaining a passenger vehicle endorsement. The knowledge test demonstrates knowledge concerning the proper loading and unloading procedures with children. This includes knowledge of the safe operation of:

Stop signal devices
External mirror systems
Flashing lights
Emergency exits and procedures for safely evacuating passengers in an emergency
State and Federal laws and regulations related to safely traversing railroad-highway rail grade crossings.
Knowledge of other warning and passenger safety devices required for school buses by County, State or Federal law or regulation
Other operating procedures and practices required by law but not otherwise specified.

Many school bus drivers have found their jobs to be very rewarding and a good career choice for them. It is a very challenging career which requires a high level of responsibility as you will be responsible for the safety of a bus load of children in your care. If you are up to the challenge, you too may enjoy a career as a school bus driver.

School Bus Rental – The Yellow Bus Company

If you have somewhere to go with a class or with specific children, you don’t just have to do it by hoping enough individuals will be able to have their family drive them to school. One of the ways that you can get to your destination is by using school bus rental. This will give you the ability to get to your desired point of destination with the best option for travel to the area that you want to go.

Even though school buses are used for public transportation of children, they are not necessarily required to stay only in one area or with one route. School buses also function as a company that can provide extra transportation so that you can have direct routes to the area that you are going to. This will allow individuals to get to the points needed for the best price and for the options that will provide the best of getting to the desired destination.

When you are looking into buses that are a part of school bus rental, you can start by examining the different companies and options that are available. Typically, you will be working with a school bus driver as a part of the company in order to drive you towards your desired destination. This will allow you to find a school bus that is convenient and has the same qualities as other types of rental bus companies, allowing you to get the most convenient option.

Not only will you want to find the most convenient bus, but will want to find a school bus that will get better mileage and gas, dependent on how many people are going along for the ride. This will be combined with different types of bus formats that are available, such as a regular sized bus or a minibus. Each school bus area will be able to find you the best option in buses, dependent on how many people are traveling to the destination needed. These options will provide you with the ability to get to the location that you desire in the best way.

Not only can you find the best school buses through these rental options, but can also look into the comfort with the transportation, as well as the needs that you will have. For instance, if you are renting a school bus for a school function, the best option will be to go through the company that has the school buses in order to get the best options available to you. This will allow you to get all of the children to the competition, project or area with the most convenient type of transportation. If you are looking for something that has a longer distance or that doesn’t have the same functions, you will want to find a different type of company to provide you with the best.

If you are ready to get places, you can start by tapping into the yellow bus as an easy and convenient way to get to your destination. If you want to look at some of your best options, than finding a school bus rental will be able to provide you with a way to get to your desired destination in the most convenient way.

Home Furniture: Regular Cleaning and Maintenance

Keeping a house clean does not stop at dusting, vacuuming, mopping and doing windows. It also means cleaning everything that’s in it – mainly, the furniture. And sometimes, it’s not just enough to have everything spotless, special care and attention is also needed to maintain home furnishings in their best condition.

For the do-it-yourself kind of person, cleaning furniture on a regular basis is not as big a task as most people think. For best results, it is necessary to have a general knowledge of what material your home furnishings are made of. And, if there are spots or stains, it also helps to know what caused them.

There are various ways to clean home furniture that are made of wood. Here’s the one major tip for all DIY lovers: it’s not the type of wood that the furniture is made of, but the finish used that determines what kind of cleaning technique to use. Some wood furnishings are finished with wax, varnish or lacquer, some are painted or polished, and still some are au natural with an oil finish.

Painted, lacquered or polished wood may be easily cleaned with a damp cloth. To bring out its sheen, apply a light coat of furniture wax and buff. For wooden furniture with an oil finish, use an oil-based polish instead.

Cleaning is a breeze for furniture upholstered in leather or vinyl. Using a soapy solution, scrub the surfaces lightly with a soft bristled brush. Wipe off clean with a damp cloth. Leather may require some polishing with a special conditioner to retain its pliability and natural gloss.

Furniture upholstered in fabric are the most tedious to clean especially if they have gone through a spell of neglect. If the fabric is light colored, shampooing may bring out more stains not visible before. Spot cleaning, or cleaning up stains immediately as they happen, is the best option. Spray on any commercially available glass or carpet cleaner on the stain. Rub and scrub it into the fabric, then wipe and dry it off by pressing a clean absorbent cloth down on it.

For your home furniture to maintain its brand-new sheen, it also helps to be a little bit more careful by using coasters for glasses or avoiding spillages. But for households with pets or young children, stick to dark colored upholstery instead. Remember home furniture is used to show off your house, keep your home furniture clean and attractive for your family and impress your guests.

Beauty Products – Important For Every Woman

Beauty cosmetics are products for women. These products enhance the appearance of women greatly. Women do their makeup with the help of these beautification products. These products in the ancient times were a symbol of the rich class. The women have used the cosmetics over years for various reasons. These products simply provide you with healthier skin tone and enhance your beauty at the same time.

It is a fact that natural beauty is such a thing that cannot be replaced. However, you can enhance your beauty by using some of the well-known beauty cosmetics. Numerous cosmetics such as the perfumes, lipsticks, brushes and many more are available in the market. These beauty products are becoming an everyday part of the woman’s life. Most of the women have started using these things to look good.

However, apart from simply buying such products, you also need to know how to use them in the right way to get best results. You can get many information and tips on the Internet about their correct usage. You can search for the cosmetic that suits your skin.

After buying all the products, you can start makeup procedure by using a cleansing lotion at first around your face and neck. After the lotion, you need to apply a toner, this tighten skin pores and helps remove excess of the cleanse lotion. After this, you need to apply the makeup foundation. For this, you need to select a natural powder color and apply on your face.

Eye makeup is another thing to look. Women need good eye makeup, so that they look beautiful. Eye makeup content includes cosmetics such as eye shadow and eyeliners. Women having green, grey and blue eyes can opt for warm colors and those having dark eyes can choose dark blue or brown colors. The eyeliners also enhance your eyes shape and you can apply it on both lower as well as upper lids. Another important constituent of eye makeup is the eye mascara. However, before applying the mascara, make sure that you curl eyelashes to widen your eyes.

Makeup foundation is an essential ting for a good makeup. Applying this foundation will help to smooth your skin and cover the blemishes. The makeup foundation also provides a healthy glow to your skin making you feel better. Applying the makeup without its foundation base may cause problems to your skin. Therefore, before starting the makeup you need to apply the foundation base.

Normally girls use these products largely. Recently, they also have emerged as sun protection, as many sun protection creams that act as makeup foundation base are available these days in the market. However, before selecting any of the cosmetic such as lipsticks and eyeliners, you carefully need to check for the ingredients.

Therefore, beauty cosmetics are important for women. Numerous products are available in the market from which you can choose one.

Drug Abuse Addiction: A Misunderstood Problem

Too often people don’t truly comprehend the real reason why a person develops a drug abuse addiction or how drugs can alter their brain to stimulate compulsive drug abuse and addiction. They wrongly perceive this problem as something that is surely a social problem only and may discriminate those who abuse drugs as morally powerless. A persistent and general belief is that addicted individuals should be fully capable of just quitting drugs as long as they are willing to alter their attitude and behavior. Again and again, what people often simply and underestimate is the complication of drug addiction. It is a serious disease that impacts the very brain itself and as a result, ceasing drug abuse and drug addiction is not plainly a matter of an individuals’ willpower. Through current scientific advances we are now able to understand much more in regards to how precisely drugs affect the brain. Furthermore, we now know that drug abuse addiction can be successfully treated to assist individuals’ in stopping the abuse of drugs and carry on their normal lives.

Drug abuse and addiction can be a huge burden on society. There have been approximate estimates of the overall costs of this issue in the USA alone, which includes health costs as well as losses in productivity, to surpass 500 billion dollars annually. As distressing as these figures are, they don’t adequately and fully convey the breadth of detrimental public health and safety implications, which involve domestic violence, school failure, family disruption, loss of employment, child abuse, and many other types of deviant crimes.

To truly understand what drug abuse and drug addiction is, we need to know that it is a continuous, relapsing brain disease that induces uncontrollable drug seeking and use and abuse in spite of harmful and damaging consequences to the abuser who is addicted and to all those who are close to them. Drug abuse and addiction is defined as a brain disease for the reason that this problem advances changes in the function and also the structure of the brain. Even though it is undeniable that for most addicts the initial decision to take drugs is purely voluntary, over the course of time the alterations in the brain, as a result of abusing drugs over and over again, can greatly affect an individual’s self control and capability to make logical decisions, while at the exact same moment send extreme impulses to take more the addictive substance.

It is these very extreme changes in the brain that makes it so difficult for an individual who is addicted to absolutely cease from abusing drugs. Fortunately, there are existing treatments that assist people to neutralize drug addiction’s strong damaging effects so that the individual can recapture some semblance of self control. Studies have shown that incorporating drug abuse addiction treatment medications along with behavioral therapy is one of the most successful ways for majority of patients. When a treatment method is customized to each patient’s patterns along with psychiatric aid can lead to long term continuous recovery and a life without the need for further intervention.

Very much like other chronic or relapsing diseases such as heart disease or diabetes, drug abuse addiction can be managed quite successfully. Additional, it’s not unusual for a drug abuse and addiction person to backslide and start abusing drugs again. We must be clear that relapse does not indicate failure, rather, it demonstrates that proper drug abuse and drug addiction treatment should be reintroduced, modified, or that other forms of drug abuse addiction treatment is required to help the individual retake self control and recover.

Latest Games Entertaining the Masses

When it comes to the latest games online, people have hundreds of options as there are so many websites that are offering free gaming options to the gamer without charging them any money. Thus, with the availability of such sites, people now have unique and wonderful opportunities to avail free entertainment. When downloading entertainment stuff from the websites, one has to make sure that the site from which he or she is downloading should not charge money, rather it should offer free entertainment games to the players.

What is the most special about these websites is that they offer a wide range of games to satisfy the different needs of the players. Hence, the individuals can choose any of the latest games from them depending on their choice and requirement. Some of the latest thrillers that are creating a great deal of uproar in the gaming industry include some popular names such as Helicopter Games, Bump Copter, Alpha Bravo Charlie, PS3 games to name a few. If you want to know and read about these gaming options in detail, just visit some entertainment portals where you would be able to search lots of latest options of fun and the entertainment.

It is said that the latest games are one of the most sought options after thrillers in the modern days because they have an edge over traditional methods of gaming. It is believed that they are one of the best sources to spend your quality time and relax during the leisure time. The gamer accept the fact that the latest thrillers are highly useful for the individuals who suffer from the mental stress and depression in this hectic and monotonous life where one hardly find time to stand and stare. It is, due to this, the latest games are getting more and more popular throughout the world and making great impact on the minds of young generation, though they are not meant only for the young generation.

It is a fact that those who are in the gaming industry are making huge profit by providing various kinds of latest thrillers to the masses all over the world. Today, different companies hire highly efficient technical people who are able to think of new ideas and based upon those ideas they design some unique and special entertaining thrillers for the gamer to satisfy their urge for gaming. These days, the gaming designers are making exciting games using a technology called ‘flash’. In fact, flash is a wonderful technology that is most widely used by gaming companies.

The modern entertaining thrillers offered by different websites can be of any type like adventure, shooting, flying, action, puzzles and racing. This is so because these websites cater to the need of millions of gamer who have different interests and needs when it comes to entertainment. Hence, one can say that latest games are one of the most sought after options to gain amusement and fun to pass our time in good manner. If you are looking for them, they are available free of cost from so many gaming portals. They can also be easily downloaded with the help of various data transferring devices such as Bluetooth and USB.

Travel Risk Management and Foreseeable Risk

Introduction: Travel Risk Management and Foreseeable Risk

When it comes to foreseeable risk, foresee ability and travel risk management, this is what every travel, human resources and manager should know. In this article we will cover foreseeable risk, foresee ability, hazard identification and travel risk assessments to mitigate or eliminate the risk of travel and comply with the company’s social objectives and legal obligations. By reading this article you will be able to confirm the true meaning of foreseeable risk as it relates to travel risk management and determine if you and your company truly have a demonstrable travel risk management system that complies with your social and legal duty of care objectives.

The first point is to clarify as the the legal definition of foreseeable risk.

Foreseeable Risk and Foresee ability Defined
Foreseeable risk is defined as a danger, hazard or threat which a reasonable person should anticipate as the result from his/her actions. Foreseeable risk is a common affirmative defense put up as a response by defendants in lawsuits for negligence. A skateboarder hits a bump on a road, falls and breaks his wrist. This is a foreseeable risk of skateboarding. A woman is severely injured while flying on an aircraft when the the aircraft suddenly descends due to turbulence and she hits her head on the over head luggage compartment. While there is potential risk, she had the right to anticipate that the aircraft was properly maintained, the pilot aware of the approaching weather conditions and did not assume the risk that her seat-belt would fail. Signs that warn “use at your own risk” do not bar lawsuits for risks that are not foreseeable.

Foresee ability is the facility to perceive, know in advance, or reasonably anticipate that damage or injury will probably ensue from acts or omissions.

In the law of negligence, the foresee ability aspect of proximate cause-the event which is the primary cause of the injury-is established by proof that the actor, as a person of ordinary intelligence and circumspection, should reasonably have foreseen that his or her negligent act would imperil others, whether by the event that transpired or some similar occurrence, and regardless of what the actor surmised would happen in regard to the actual event or the manner of causation of injuries.

Hazard, Threat and Dangers Identification

Travel Risk Management and Foreseeable Risk

An officer of the company must demonstrate the process and implementation, whereby any person of ordinary intelligence can identify, document and in advance mitigate or eliminate dangers, threats and hazards that would ordinarily imperil a business traveler. Policies and notification that warn business travelers of risk do not bar legal recourse, even if the events were not foreseeable.

Forward planning supported by past incident capture and analysis aid in this process. Generic, global or regional identifications are inadequate with specific locations, actions, competencies and supporting elements required in order to reasonably anticipate in advance any damage or injury that may ensue from acts or omissions. This process should be continuous and timely. Obligations are not limited to what the actor surmised would happen in regard to the actual event or the manner of causation of injuries.

Travel Risk Assessments
The analysis and assessment of business travel related threats must be evidence based and cannot be fully outsourced to providers or third parties as the business comprehension and obligation remains with the person/s within the company charged with the authority and responsibility of duty of care for business travelers.

Collection, processing, analysis and distribution of travel risk management elements such as traveler, location, past event, current circumstances, special events, forecaster changes and business activity must be inclusive of the process.

Consistency and clarity of travel risk assessments are required if the process is to be replica, transferable and applicable for any and all business travel.

Travel threats, danger and hazards relative to business travelers must be distinct and focused exclusively on business travelers and the act of business travel and not bundled with broader business risk assessments.

Similar and exact acts related to business travel and travel threats must be evaluated for relevance and impact. Leisure travel threats may need to be considered also if proximate to business travel locations and business travelers. Regardless of what the company officer surmised would happen or the event that transpired, along with similar occurrences, proof of process and outcomes are required.

Conclusion: Travel Risk Management and Foreseeable Risk
Now that you understand the importance of foreseeable risk as defined by legal opinions, you will probably see your approach and effectiveness in a whole new light. Foreseeable risk and foresee ability does apply to business travel risk management and your business travelers. In order to prove or effectively demonstrate travel risk management foreseeable risk actions you need consistent, audit-able and effective evidence if you are to mitigate or eliminate the risks associated with business travel, convey confidence to business travelers that you are proactively fulfilling your duty of care and defend or confirm your compliance with the various acts and legislation. Objectively review your current preparedness and processes specific to travel risk management and use this advice to make your comparison and rectify any omissions to your processes immediately.